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<p>This book brings together the data of latest international research and was conceived as the result of a summer school held at the Inra Centre of Clermont-Ferrand/theix from 24 September to 4 October 1990. The subject is the rumen as a fermentor and the means by which rumen fonctioning can be optimized for the maximum benefit of the ruminant. Most space has been given to the reports written by international specialists in rumen microbiology, physiologists, nutritionists and animal production workers. Several of the points raised in the book are the subject of current scientific debate. These topics were dealt with in workshops and round-table discussions and are presented at the end of the book in the form of short reports. </p>
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This book brings together the data of latest international research and was conceived as the result of a summer school held at the Inra Centre of Clermont-Ferrand/theix from 24 September to 4 October 1990. The subject is the rumen as a fermentor and the means by which rumen fonctioning can be optimized for the maximum benefit of the ruminant. Most space has been given to the reports written by international specialists in rumen microbiology, physiologists, nutritionists and animal production workers. Several of the points raised in the book are the subject of current scientific debate. These topics were dealt with in workshops and round-table discussions and are presented at the end of the book in the form of short reports.
04
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<p>Foreword 3<br />List of contributors 7<br />Introduction 11<br />Part one: Microbes in the rumen<br />The rumen bacteria 15<br />C.S. Stewart<br />The rumen protozoa: taxonomy, cytology and feeding behaviour 27<br />/. Bohatier<br />The rumen ciliates and their functions 39<br />R.A. Prins<br />The rumen anaerobic fungi 53<br />G. Fonty<br />Microbial interactions in the rumen 71<br />J. Doré and Ph. Gouet<br />Recent progress in genetic manipulation of rumen microbes 89<br />E. Forano<br />Part two: Feed degradation in the rumen and its control<br />Microbes and fibre degradation 107<br />E. Grenet and J. M. Besle<br />Rumen proteolysis and its control 131<br />R.J. Wallace<br />Lipids and rumen digestion 151<br />S. Tamminga and M. Doreau<br />Volatile fatty acids and protein production in the rumen 165<br />T. Hvelplund<br />Effects of minerals on microbial metabolism 179<br />S. Komisarczuk-Bony and M. Durand<br />Minerals and digestion: Exchanges in the digestive tract 199<br />H. Martens, S. Leonhard and G. Gàbel<br />Quantitative aspects of microbial metabolism in the rumen and hindgut 217<br />D.I. Demeyer<br />Defaunation of the rumen 239<br />J.P. Jouany<br />Modification of rumen fermentation by the use of additives 263<br />C.J. Van Nevel<br />Part three: Modelisation of the rumen<br />Rumen modelling 283<br />D. Sauvant and B. Ramangasoavina<br />The outflow of particles from the reticulo-rumen 297<br />C. Poncet<br />Rumen compartmentation 323<br />J. W. Czerkawski<br />Part four: Reports of workshops<br />Probiotics in ruminants 343<br />R. Ducluzeau, Ph. Gouet and P.E.V. Williams<br />Comparison of the rumen with other digestive microbial ecosystems 347<br />R.A. Prins and M. Durand<br />Enhancement of low-quality feeds: ruminants in Mediterranean and tropical areas 351<br />M. Chenost, C. Kayouli, J.L. Tisserand and A. Xandé<br />In vitro rumen simulating Systems 353<br />J. W. Czerkawski<br />Feed additives: impact on rumen function; effects on beef cattle production; use in dairy cows 357<br />P. Thivend, J.P. Jouany, Y. Geay and B. Rémond<br />Rumen disfunctions 361<br />C. Jean-Blain<br />Digesta circulation and reticulo-rumen motility in the ruminant 365<br />C. Poncet, C.H. Malbert and R. Baumont<br />Which diets for tomorrow? 369<br />M. Doreau, D. Sauvant and R. Vérité<br />Financial aid 373<br />List of sponsors 375</p>
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This book brings together the data of latest international research and was conceived as the result of a summer school held at the Inra Centre of Clermont-Ferrand/theix from 24 September to 4 October 1990. The subject is the rumen as a fermentor and the means by which rumen fonctioning can be optimized for the maximum benefit of the ruminant. Most space has been given to the reports written by international specialists in rumen microbiology, physiologists, nutritionists and animal production workers. Several of the points raised in the book are the subject of current scientific debate. These topics were dealt with in workshops and round-table discussions and are presented at the end of the book in the form of short reports.
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<p>Foreword 3<br />List of contributors 7<br />Introduction 11<br />Part one: Microbes in the rumen<br />The rumen bacteria 15<br />C.S. Stewart<br />The rumen protozoa: taxonomy, cytology and feeding behaviour 27<br />/. Bohatier<br />The rumen ciliates and their functions 39<br />R.A. Prins<br />The rumen anaerobic fungi 53<br />G. Fonty<br />Microbial interactions in the rumen 71<br />J. Doré and Ph. Gouet<br />Recent progress in genetic manipulation of rumen microbes 89<br />E. Forano<br />Part two: Feed degradation in the rumen and its control<br />Microbes and fibre degradation 107<br />E. Grenet and J. M. Besle<br />Rumen proteolysis and its control 131<br />R.J. Wallace<br />Lipids and rumen digestion 151<br />S. Tamminga and M. Doreau<br />Volatile fatty acids and protein production in the rumen 165<br />T. Hvelplund<br />Effects of minerals on microbial metabolism 179<br />S. Komisarczuk-Bony and M. Durand<br />Minerals and digestion: Exchanges in the digestive tract 199<br />H. Martens, S. Leonhard and G. Gàbel<br />Quantitative aspects of microbial metabolism in the rumen and hindgut 217<br />D.I. Demeyer<br />Defaunation of the rumen 239<br />J.P. Jouany<br />Modification of rumen fermentation by the use of additives 263<br />C.J. Van Nevel<br />Part three: Modelisation of the rumen<br />Rumen modelling 283<br />D. Sauvant and B. Ramangasoavina<br />The outflow of particles from the reticulo-rumen 297<br />C. Poncet<br />Rumen compartmentation 323<br />J. W. Czerkawski<br />Part four: Reports of workshops<br />Probiotics in ruminants 343<br />R. Ducluzeau, Ph. Gouet and P.E.V. Williams<br />Comparison of the rumen with other digestive microbial ecosystems 347<br />R.A. Prins and M. Durand<br />Enhancement of low-quality feeds: ruminants in Mediterranean and tropical areas 351<br />M. Chenost, C. Kayouli, J.L. Tisserand and A. Xandé<br />In vitro rumen simulating Systems 353<br />J. W. Czerkawski<br />Feed additives: impact on rumen function; effects on beef cattle production; use in dairy cows 357<br />P. Thivend, J.P. Jouany, Y. Geay and B. Rémond<br />Rumen disfunctions 361<br />C. Jean-Blain<br />Digesta circulation and reticulo-rumen motility in the ruminant 365<br />C. Poncet, C.H. Malbert and R. Baumont<br />Which diets for tomorrow? 369<br />M. Doreau, D. Sauvant and R. Vérité<br />Financial aid 373<br />List of sponsors 375</p>
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