The shimmering hues of a poppy or a blue tit catch the eye. But while colours can enchant us, they also serve countless functions for the organisms that display or perceive them. How are colours produced and perceived? How has life combined physical and chemical processes to create such a diverse palette? And why are colours so crucial for communication, survival, and reproduction?
This book explores these questions colour by colour. Red signals both ripe fruit and danger. Blue, often absent in natural pigments, is produced through subtle optical effects. Yellow attracts pollinating insects. Green dominates the plant kingdom thanks to chlorophyll, the solar energy collector. And the black of melanin colours skin and feathers while protecting against ultraviolet rays.
Some colours escape the human eye but are visible to other species—such as ultraviolet, which enables communication between flowers and insects. When natural light is absent, other phenomena take over, like the bioluminescence of fireflies or deep-sea fish. Beyond their essential physiological roles, colours are used to stand out, to hide, or to deceive. In fact, there are few interactions between organisms that don’t involve colour in some way.
Page after page, the author reveals how colour shapes behaviour and relationships between species—and invites us to see the living world in a whole new light.